Insee
Informations Rapides · 31 August 2023 · n° 219
Informations rapidesIn July 2023 the industrial producer prices continued to go down over a month (-0.4%) and fell back over a year (-1.5% after +1.0%) Industrial Producer and Import Price Indices - July 2023

In July 2023, over a month, the overall producer prices in the French industry were down for the fourth consecutive month (-0.4% after -0.7% in June). Prices of products sold on the home market continued to go down (-0.2% after -1.1%) while those intended for foreign markets fell back (-0.6% after +0.4%). Over a year, the industrial producer prices fell back for the first time since December 2020 (-1.5% after +1.0%).

Excluding energy, the producer prices in the French industry were also down over a month for the fourth consecutive month (-0.2% in July 2023 after -0.3% in June) and decelerated over a year (+1.7% after +2.7%).

Informations rapides
No 219
Paru le :Paru le31/08/2023
Prochaine parution le : 31/07/2024 at 08:45 - June 2024

Total Industry price indices

Total Industry price indices
PPI for all markets PPI for home market PPI for foreign markets Import prices
2023-07 135.2 140.4 122.4 122.8
2023-06 135.7 140.7 123.1 122.6
2023-05 136.6 142.2 122.6 123.6
2023-04 138.6 144.4 124.1 126.6
2023-03 144.4 152.2 125.1 127.8
2023-02 142.8 149.5 126.1 130.0
2023-01 143.8 151.0 126.0 129.8
2022-12 141.5 147.0 127.8 132.9
2022-11 140.0 145.2 127.3 134.2
2022-10 139.3 144.2 127.4 135.0
2022-09 141.0 144.5 132.2 136.9
2022-08 140.6 143.1 134.6 141.2
2022-07 137.2 139.1 132.4 139.2
2022-06 134.3 136.5 128.7 138.4
2022-05 132.2 134.6 125.9 137.8
2022-04 132.0 135.0 124.4 137.3
2022-03 132.0 135.0 124.6 139.1
2022-02 125.9 129.0 118.0 128.6
2022-01 125.1 128.0 117.9 127.6
2021-12 120.4 122.0 116.5 122.4
2021-11 118.6 120.1 114.9 120.2
2021-10 114.8 115.6 112.9 117.6
2021-09 111.8 112.2 110.6 113.8
2021-08 109.9 110.3 108.8 110.5
2021-07 108.7 109.0 107.8 109.4
2021-06 107.2 107.3 106.8 107.0
2021-05 105.8 105.9 105.4 105.4
2021-04 105.4 105.5 105.2 103.7
2021-03 105.8 106.3 104.4 102.7
2021-02 104.7 105.3 103.4 102.0
2021-01 103.8 104.2 102.6 100.3
2020-12 102.6 103.1 101.2 98.7
2020-11 101.6 101.9 100.5 97.8
2020-10 100.4 100.3 100.4 97.3
2020-09 100.5 100.3 100.8 97.1
2020-08 100.1 100.0 100.2 97.3
2020-07 100.2 99.9 100.7 97.3
2020-06 99.8 99.5 100.3 96.7
2020-05 99.2 98.7 100.0 95.2
2020-04 99.3 98.7 100.3 95.0
2020-03 101.5 101.5 101.2 97.2
2020-02 103.0 103.1 102.5 100.6
2020-01 103.6 103.8 102.8 101.5
2019-12 103.7 104.0 102.9 101.9
2019-11 103.6 103.9 102.7 101.6
2019-10 102.5 102.5 102.4 101.5
2019-09 102.7 102.7 102.4 101.6
2019-08 102.4 102.6 101.8 100.8
2019-07 102.4 102.5 102.0 101.4
2019-06 102.0 102.1 101.7 101.3
2019-05 102.6 102.7 102.2 102.6
2019-04 103.1 103.2 102.5 102.6
2019-03 103.5 104.1 101.9 102.0
2019-02 103.5 104.2 101.9 101.9
2019-01 103.4 103.7 102.4 101.2
2018-12 103.0 103.4 101.8 101.1
2018-11 103.9 104.4 102.5 102.8
2018-10 103.7 103.9 103.0 104.6
2018-09 103.3 103.6 102.5 103.6
2018-08 102.9 103.1 102.3 102.8
2018-07 102.6 102.7 102.2 102.7
2018-06 102.1 102.1 102.0 102.4
2018-05 101.8 102.1 101.3 102.0
2018-04 101.2 101.4 100.6 100.6
2018-03 101.8 102.2 100.7 100.1
2018-02 101.7 102.0 100.6 99.9
2018-01 101.5 102.0 100.3 100.4
2017-12 101.7 102.0 100.9 100.2
2017-11 101.5 101.7 101.1 100.2
2017-10 100.1 100.0 100.2 99.4
2017-09 99.7 99.8 99.6 99.0
2017-08 99.3 99.4 99.1 98.2
2017-07 98.9 98.9 99.2 97.6
2017-06 99.0 98.8 99.4 97.9
2017-05 99.3 99.1 100.1 98.8
2017-04 99.8 99.7 100.4 99.6
2017-03 100.1 100.0 100.4 99.7
2017-02 100.6 100.5 100.9 100.0
2017-01 100.9 100.7 101.7 99.7
2016-12 99.9 99.8 100.2 99.1
2016-11 99.1 99.0 99.3 97.5
2016-10 98.5 98.4 98.9 97.5
2016-09 97.8 97.7 98.2 96.5
2016-08 97.5 97.4 97.9 96.2
2016-07 97.6 97.5 97.9 96.4
2016-06 97.5 97.4 98.0 96.4
2016-05 97.1 97.0 97.7 95.9
2016-04 96.7 96.5 97.4 95.0
2016-03 97.2 97.1 97.4 95.0
2016-02 96.9 96.9 97.2 94.1
2016-01 97.5 97.3 98.2 94.7
2015-12 98.5 98.4 98.9 96.5
2015-11 99.5 99.5 99.6 98.2
2015-10 99.4 99.4 99.5 98.1
2015-09 99.3 99.2 99.4 98.6
2015-08 99.4 99.2 99.8 99.3
2015-07 100.5 100.3 100.9 100.8
2015-06 100.6 100.5 100.7 102.0
2015-05 100.4 100.4 100.6 102.5
2015-04 100.9 100.8 101.1 102.2
2015-03 101.0 101.1 100.6 101.6
2015-02 100.8 101.0 100.1 101.0
2015-01 99.8 100.0 98.9 99.4

Total Industry price indices

  • Source: INSEE

Producer prices in the French industry: -0.4%

In July 2023, over a month, the overall producer prices in the French industry were down for the fourth consecutive month (-0.4% after -0.7% in June). Prices of products sold on the home market continued to go down (-0.2% after -1.1%) while those intended for foreign markets fell back (-0.6% after +0.4%). Over a year, the industrial producer prices fell back for the first time since December 2020 (-1.5% after +1.0%).

Excluding energy, the producer prices in the French industry were also down over a month for the fourth consecutive month (-0.2% in July 2023 after -0.3% in June) and decelerated over a year (+1.7% after +2.7%).

HOME MARKET: -0.2%

In July 2023, the producer prices in the French industry for the home market fell for the fourth consecutive month (-0.2% over a month after -1.1% in June), due to the fall of the prices of mining and quarrying products, energy and water (-1.1% after -3.1%). The prices of manufactured products remained almost unchanged (+0.1% after -0.1%). Over a year, the producer prices in the French industry for the home market decelerated: +0.9% after +3.1%. They were approximately 27% above their 2021 average level.

Fall in prices of mining and quarrying products, energy and water

In July 2023, the prices of mining and quarrying products, energy and water went down again over a month (-1.1% after -3.1%), driven down by the prices of production and trade of electricity (-1.6% after -3.9%) due to the fall registered on the wholesale markets. Over a year, the prices of mining and quarrying products, energy and water slowed down markedly (+3.8% after +13.1%). They were approximately 49% above their 2021 average level.

Acceleration in prices of refined petroleum products

In the wake of oil prices, the prices of refined petroleum products accelerated over a month (+7.1% in July after +2.3% in June). Over a year, the prices of refined petroleum products dropped significantly (-30.0% after -42.0%) but were nonetheless approximately 43% above their 2021 average level.

French Producer Price Indices of coke and refined petroleum products sold on the home market

French Producer Price Indices of coke and refined petroleum products sold on the home market
Producer price indices of coke and refined petroleum products sold on the French market
2023-07 171.1
2023-06 159.8
2023-05 156.2
2023-04 168.1
2023-03 176.5
2023-02 179.3
2023-01 193.5
2022-12 187.5
2022-11 214.1
2022-10 245.3
2022-09 220.0
2022-08 224.1
2022-07 244.5
2022-06 275.6
2022-05 244.8
2022-04 224.0
2022-03 225.7
2022-02 174.1
2022-01 157.1
2021-12 136.3
2021-11 144.2
2021-10 146.9
2021-09 128.7
2021-08 124.1
2021-07 123.1
2021-06 118.0
2021-05 109.6
2021-04 106.1
2021-03 107.0
2021-02 100.6
2021-01 90.2
2020-12 82.3
2020-11 72.9
2020-10 70.9
2020-09 70.8
2020-08 76.5
2020-07 78.9
2020-06 72.5
2020-05 57.0
2020-04 46.4
2020-03 70.0
2020-02 107.7
2020-01 117.8
2019-12 119.6
2019-11 117.0
2019-10 117.6
2019-09 121.5
2019-08 115.7
2019-07 122.3
2019-06 117.5
2019-05 131.3
2019-04 130.7
2019-03 123.3
2019-02 118.8
2019-01 109.4
2018-12 109.3
2018-11 125.8
2018-10 142.7
2018-09 136.5
2018-08 133.2
2018-07 131.4
2018-06 130.2
2018-05 132.1
2018-04 121.8
2018-03 111.3
2018-02 109.2
2018-01 116.1
2017-12 110.9
2017-11 111.1
2017-10 103.2
2017-09 101.8
2017-08 95.1
2017-07 92.1
2017-06 89.7
2017-05 97.1
2017-04 104.7
2017-03 101.4
2017-02 108.1
2017-01 107.1
2016-12 105.7
2016-11 91.7
2016-10 97.0
2016-09 87.6
2016-08 85.2
2016-07 85.3
2016-06 91.9
2016-05 88.1
2016-04 78.5
2016-03 75.5
2016-02 65.6
2016-01 65.9
2015-12 74.5
2015-11 89.4
2015-10 89.1
2015-09 91.3
2015-08 92.8
2015-07 107.6
2015-06 115.6
2015-05 117.9
2015-04 113.8
2015-03 110.2
2015-02 106.6
2015-01 91.2

French Producer Price Indices of coke and refined petroleum products sold on the home market

  • Source: INSEE.

Fall of the prices of the “other industrial products”

In July 2023, the prices of the “other industrial products” kept going down over a month (-0.4% after -0.2% in June). Prices of plastics in primary forms went down again (-5.0%, as in the previous month) and those of “other organic basic chemicals” fell back (-1.8% after +1.3%) linked to the fall in raw material prices. On the contrary, prices of repair of machinery rebounded (+1.5% after -1.2%) due to higher labour costs. Over a year, the prices of the “other industrial products” kept going down (-1.9% in July after -1.2% in June and -0.4% in May). They stood approximately 15% above their 2021 average level.

Virtual stability of food and beverage prices

In July 2023, food and beverage prices were almost unchanged over a month (-0.1% after -0.7%). The prices of other food products non elsewhere classified kept going down (-3.3% after -0.2%) due to falling egg market prices. Those of prepared feeds for farm animals went down again (-2.0% after -1.8%). On the contrary, prices of meat and poultry meat products accelerated (+1.7% after +0.7%) as well as those of processed and preserved meat (+1.1% after a virtual stability in June), in connection with the high price of pork following a fall in production.

Over a year, food and beverage prices decelerated but their rise remained sharp (+8.3% after +10.6%). They were approximately 29% above their 2021 average level.

Downturn of electrical, computer and electronic equipment and machinery prices

In July 2023, the prices of electrical, computer and electronic equipment and machinery fell back over a month (-0.5% after +0.2% in the previous month). Prices of electricity distribution and control apparatus went down markedly (-5.2% after +1.5%) reflecting the fall in input prices. Over a year, the prices of electrical, computer and electronic equipment and machinery slowed down slightly (+4.6% after +5.6%) and stood approximately 13% above their 2021 average level.

Virtual stability of transport equipment prices

In July 2023, transport equipment prices were almost unchanged over a month (+0.1% after +0.2% in June). Over a year, they continued to be on a high rise (+7.7% after +8.7%) and were approximately 15% above their 2021 average level.

French Producer Price Indices of manufactured products sold on the home market

French Producer Price Indices of manufactured products sold on the home market
C1 C3 C4 C5
2023-07 133.9 117.4 123.0 123.9
2023-06 134.1 118.0 122.9 124.4
2023-05 135.0 117.8 122.6 124.7
2023-04 135.5 117.4 122.9 125.8
2023-03 134.6 117.2 122.8 126.7
2023-02 131.8 117.0 122.6 126.9
2023-01 130.4 116.0 122.6 127.2
2022-12 127.8 113.9 122.0 125.9
2022-11 127.7 113.9 119.9 126.6
2022-10 126.7 113.6 117.7 126.8
2022-09 125.1 113.1 115.9 126.6
2022-08 124.8 112.7 114.6 126.6
2022-07 123.6 112.2 114.2 126.3
2022-06 121.3 111.7 113.1 125.9
2022-05 119.8 111.1 112.3 125.2
2022-04 117.5 110.5 111.3 123.7
2022-03 113.5 109.7 111.0 120.4
2022-02 109.6 109.0 110.4 118.0
2022-01 108.6 108.1 110.2 116.8
2021-12 106.9 106.7 109.7 113.3
2021-11 105.8 106.1 108.9 112.7
2021-10 105.0 105.6 108.3 111.6
2021-09 104.5 105.1 107.6 110.2
2021-08 104.3 104.5 107.2 109.3
2021-07 104.4 104.3 107.0 108.3
2021-06 104.1 103.7 106.5 106.8
2021-05 104.1 103.1 106.2 105.9
2021-04 103.5 103.0 105.9 105.1
2021-03 103.0 103.0 105.7 103.9
2021-02 102.2 102.6 105.6 103.1
2021-01 102.1 102.4 105.4 102.1
2020-12 102.3 102.2 105.1 101.3
2020-11 101.8 102.0 105.0 100.8
2020-10 101.8 102.2 104.6 100.8
2020-09 101.3 102.2 104.2 100.7
2020-08 101.4 102.0 103.9 100.7
2020-07 101.6 101.9 103.7 100.7
2020-06 101.6 102.0 103.7 100.7
2020-05 101.7 102.1 103.2 100.4
2020-04 102.0 101.9 103.1 100.7
2020-03 102.3 102.0 102.9 101.1
2020-02 102.2 102.3 102.9 101.6
2020-01 102.2 102.0 102.8 101.8
2019-12 102.5 101.8 102.7 101.9
2019-11 102.1 101.8 102.3 102.0
2019-10 101.8 101.8 102.1 102.3
2019-09 101.5 101.7 101.7 102.5
2019-08 101.6 101.4 101.6 102.6
2019-07 101.5 101.3 101.6 102.6
2019-06 101.3 101.3 101.4 102.8
2019-05 101.1 101.3 101.3 103.1
2019-04 101.0 101.5 101.2 103.1
2019-03 100.9 101.3 101.1 103.0
2019-02 101.2 101.3 101.0 102.8
2019-01 101.2 101.4 100.9 102.7
2018-12 101.4 101.0 101.0 102.6
2018-11 101.1 101.0 100.9 102.9
2018-10 100.7 100.8 100.7 103.0
2018-09 100.7 100.9 100.5 103.1
2018-08 100.6 100.9 100.6 103.0
2018-07 100.4 100.7 100.6 102.9
2018-06 100.1 100.9 100.6 102.8
2018-05 100.2 100.8 100.5 102.7
2018-04 100.1 100.6 100.6 102.2
2018-03 100.4 100.5 100.6 102.1
2018-02 100.1 100.3 100.5 101.9
2018-01 100.0 100.7 100.5 101.6
2017-12 100.4 100.1 100.6 101.1
2017-11 100.3 100.0 100.6 100.9
2017-10 100.4 99.8 100.4 101.0
2017-09 100.5 99.7 100.4 100.7
2017-08 100.6 99.7 100.4 100.5
2017-07 100.4 99.8 100.3 100.4
2017-06 100.4 99.9 100.3 100.7
2017-05 100.1 99.8 100.3 100.8
2017-04 100.1 99.9 100.2 100.7
2017-03 99.8 100.0 100.1 100.4
2017-02 99.6 99.9 100.1 100.1
2017-01 99.2 100.1 100.1 99.6
2016-12 99.2 99.4 100.1 99.0
2016-11 99.2 99.5 100.0 98.8
2016-10 99.1 99.6 100.0 98.7
2016-09 98.8 99.7 99.9 98.5
2016-08 98.8 99.7 99.9 98.5
2016-07 98.9 99.6 100.0 98.6
2016-06 98.5 99.9 100.0 98.6
2016-05 98.4 99.6 100.1 98.3
2016-04 98.5 99.6 100.1 98.0
2016-03 98.6 99.7 100.1 97.9
2016-02 99.1 99.5 100.1 98.1
2016-01 99.3 99.7 100.2 98.4
2015-12 99.7 99.9 100.1 98.8
2015-11 99.9 100.0 100.4 99.0
2015-10 100.2 100.0 100.3 99.2
2015-09 100.3 99.7 100.1 99.6
2015-08 100.5 99.6 100.0 100.2
2015-07 100.2 100.0 99.8 100.8
2015-06 99.9 100.0 99.8 100.8
2015-05 99.9 100.0 99.9 100.8
2015-04 99.9 100.2 99.9 100.6
2015-03 99.8 100.2 99.9 100.2
2015-02 99.9 100.2 99.9 99.9
2015-01 99.8 100.2 99.9 100.0
  • Legend: C1: Food products, beverages and tobacco products - C3: Electrical, electronic, computer equipments; machinery - C4: Transport equipment - C5: Other industrial products

French Producer Price Indices of manufactured products sold on the home market

  • Legend: C1: Food products, beverages and tobacco products - C3: Electrical, electronic, computer equipments; machinery - C4: Transport equipment - C5: Other industrial products
  • Source: INSEE

FOREIGN MARKETS: -0.6%

In July 2023, the industrial producer prices for the foreign markets fell back (-0.6% over a month after +0.4%). These prices were driven down by those of mining and quarrying products, energy and water. The prices of manufactured products slightly went down (-0.2% after a stability in June). Prices of refined petroleum products continued to rise (+3.7% after +4.2%) while those of transport equipment fell back (-0.4% after +0.8%).

Over a year, the producer prices in the French industry for the foreign markets went down again for the fourth consecutive month (-7.6% after -4.4% in the previous month). They stood approximately 13% above their 2021 average level.

French Producer Price Indices in industry according to the market where the products are sold

reference year: 2015
French Producer Price Indices in industry according to the market where the products are sold (reference year: 2015)
Changes in %
over a month over a year
Levels A 10 and A 17 in CPF rev. 2 Weight July 23 July 23 / June 23 June 23 / May 23 July 23 / July 22 June 23 / June 22
Home market
BE: TOTAL INDUSTRY 711 140.4 -0.2 -1.1 0.9 3.1
(DE) Mining and quarrying, energy, water 166 182.5 -1.1 -3.1 3.8 13.1
CZ: Manufactured products 545 127.8 0.1 -0.1 -0.2 -0.7
  (C1) Food products, beverages, tobacco 141 133.9 -0.1 -0.7 8.3 10.6
  (C2) Coke and refined petroleum products 26 171.1 7.1 2.3 -30.0 -42.0
  (C3) Electrical & electronic equip., computers, mach. 53 117.4 -0.5 0.2 4.6 5.6
  (C4) Transport equipment 70 123.0 0.1 0.2 7.7 8.7
  (C5) Other manufactured products 255 123.9 -0.4 -0.2 -1.9 -1.2
Foreign markets
BE: TOTAL INDUSTRY 289 122.4 -0.6 0.4 -7.6 -4.4
CZ: Manufactured products s 121.2 -0.2 0.0 -0.7 -0.4
  (C1) Food products, beverages, tobacco 28 135.0 -0.8 -0.9 7.7 11.3
  (C2) Coke and refined petroleum products 6 161.2 3.7 4.2 -25.6 -39.2
  (C3) Electrical & electronic equip., computers, mach. 39 112.4 -0.3 0.4 3.2 4.2
  (C4) Transport equipment 88 118.6 -0.4 0.8 2.2 4.7
  (C5) Other manufactured products s 121.0 -0.3 -0.6 -3.6 -3.4
All markets
BE: TOTAL INDUSTRY 1000 135.2 -0.4 -0.7 -1.5 1.0
CZ: Manufactured products s 125.6 0.0 -0.1 -0.4 -0.6
  (C1) Food products, beverages, tobacco 169 134.1 -0.3 -0.7 8.1 10.7
  (C2) Coke and refined petroleum products 31 168.6 6.4 2.7 -29.2 -41.5
  (C3) Electrical & electronic equip., computers, mach. 92 115.2 -0.4 0.3 4.1 5.0
  (C4) Transport equipment 159 120.3 -0.2 0.6 4.6 6.4
  (C5) Other manufactured products s 123.0 -0.3 -0.4 -2.5 -2.0
  • s: confidential
  • Source: INSEE.

Import prices of industrial products: +0.2%

In July 2023, the import prices of industrial products rebounded for the first time since February 2023(+0.2% after -0.8% in June), driven by those of mining and quarrying products, energy and water, while those of manufactured products remained almost unchanged (-0.1%, as in the previous month). Prices of coke and refined petroleum products accelerated (+6.7% after +2.3%). On the contrary, those of “other industrial products” kept falling (-0.6% after -0.4%): those of basic iron and steel and ferro-alloys fell back (-1.8% after +0.6%) and those of plastics in primary forms were down again (-2.4% after -5.6%).

Over a year, the fall in import prices of industrial products continued to intensify for the fifth consecutive month (-11.8% in July after -11.4% in June). However, they were approximately 12% above their 2021 average level.

Import prices of industrial products

reference year: 2015
Import prices of industrial products (reference year: 2015)
Changes in %
over a month over a year
Levels A 10 and A 17 in CPF rev. 2 Weight July 23 July 23 / June 23 June 23 / May 23 July 23 / July 22 June 23 / June 22
BE: TOTAL INDUSTRY 1000 122.8 0.2 -0.8 -11.8 -11.4
CZ: Manufactured products s 118.5 -0.1 -0.1 -3.3 -3.3
  (C1) Food products, beverages, tobacco 73 128.2 -0.7 0.2 2.8 3.9
  (C2) Coke and refined petroleum products 40 149.2 6.7 2.3 -34.8 -43.0
  (C3) Electrical & electronic equip., computers, mach. 225 107.9 -0.3 -0.1 1.0 2.6
  (C4) Transport equipment 188 115.4 -0.5 0.1 7.1 8.1
  (C5) Other manufactured products s 120.4 -0.6 -0.4 -5.0 -4.2
  • s: confidential
  • Source: INSEE.

Revisions

The monthly variation of the producer price index in the French industry in June 2023 has been revised upwards by 0.1 points compared to the previous release, due to late responses: it stands at -0.7%.

Revision of variations

In %
Revision of variations (In %) - How to read it: the variation of the producer price index in industry for products sold on the home market between May 2023 and June 2023 is unchanged (after rounding): -1.1% as it was published late July 2023.
June 23 / May 23 May 23 / April 23 April 23 / March 23
French producer prices in industry sold on:
  - the home market // // //
  - the foreign markets +0.2 // //
   - all markets +0.1 // //
Import prices of industrial products // // //
  • //: unrevised evolution (after rounding)
  • How to read it: the variation of the producer price index in industry for products sold on the home market between May 2023 and June 2023 is unchanged (after rounding): -1.1% as it was published late July 2023.
  • Source : INSEE

For further information

Definition – The producer price indices in industry measure the change of producer prices of goods and services, linked to a given industrial activity and sold on the home market or on the foreign markets. The import price indices of industrial products measure the change of transaction prices of goods and services purchased by economic agents established on French territory to non-resident agents.

Calculation method – They are calculated on the basis of the results of the survey “Observation of prices in industry and services” (OPISE), which is operated by INSEE.

Further information (simplified and detailed methodology notes, classification, etc.) are available in the tab “Documentation” of this publication webpage.

Next publication: 29 September 2023 at 8:45 a.m.

Pour en savoir plus

Definition – The producer price indices in industry measure the change of producer prices of goods and services, linked to a given industrial activity and sold on the home market or on the foreign markets. The import price indices of industrial products measure the change of transaction prices of goods and services purchased by economic agents established on French territory to non-resident agents.

Calculation method – They are calculated on the basis of the results of the survey “Observation of prices in industry and services” (OPISE), which is operated by INSEE.

Further information (simplified and detailed methodology notes, classification, etc.) are available in the tab “Documentation” of this publication webpage.

Next publication: 29 September 2023 at 8:45 a.m.

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